”Traditionally, black musicians, especially in the church, do not ‘play by notes.’ That is, they tend to learn to play by ear rather than by reading music. This has certain consequences for performance that can be observed, or rather heard, in musicians trained within the traditional black church (and their secular musical heirs, soul singers and rhythm and blues musicians), which include the propensity for improvisation, highly idiosyncratic rhythmic inflection, and the ability to transpose or modulate from one key to another with relative ease. In traditional black churches it is the singer, not the accompanist, who sets the key. Because musicians who learn to play by ear not only have to reproduce sounds in order to learn new material, but have to be able to hear (understand) relationships between various sounds in order to render an accompaniment that is syntactically sound, the performer develops abilities that in traditional western music are usually only required of composers, or perhaps conductors.”
— Salim Washington
”Of Black Bards, Known and Unknown: Music as Racial Metaphor in James Weldon Johnson’s The Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man”
Jon Michael Spencer
Black hymnody : a hymnological history of the African-American church
it’s like they offered a critique of Moynihan’s “report” before he ever wrote it, and sung that critique from the position of the religiously marginalized. that’s hot.
“Blacksong of the enslaved and one of its twentieth century articulations heard in Pentecostalsong are luddisms, they are the breaking of mechanistic stasis, machinic dominance. These sounds, these songs, are the critique of capitalism given through melismatic rupture and yodeling, through elongation and eclipse of voice.”
Peter Linebaugh
Ned Ludd & Queen Mab: Machine-Breaking, Romanticism, and the Several Commons of 1811-12
this particular passage allows me to think about the “Three Jennys” that i’m working through presently — an enslaved woman Jenny, Jenny Marx and Jenny Seymour — and i want to consider them as likewise mythical figurations in order to suggest an animaterial “identification between them and the class of all working people,” where working people in my theorizing will be those who produced Work Songs under the lash, under duress.
haha…i’m sure these videos of dude playing an organ mean little to others … but this ish is SO exciting to me …….. !